Members of the Ingessana ethnic group in South Sudan are predominantly Muslim and have little to no gospel access. Many were forced to flee their villages and became refugees because of ongoing political conflict in the areas where they live.

In southern Egypt, men load camels from Sudan onto a truck headed for a camel market outside Cairo, Egypt. The camels are sold and used in farm work, slaughtered for food or traded for other livestock.

A Beja man leads tourists on a guided camel tour through the desert. The Beja are a nomadic people who live primarily in eastern Sudan, southern Egypt and northern Eritrea. They are fiercely independent camel traders, and some have ventured into the tourism industry as another way to make a living.

Since many of the Beja of north Africa people are camel traders, branding is used as a means of keeping track of one’s own herd. The Beja are a nomadic people who live primarily in eastern Sudan, southern Egypt and northern Eritrea.